Defendant argues that trial counsel failed to tender an instruction to the effect that the jurors could only consider defendant's statements made to the examining expert witnesses with reference to his mental condition. While Dr. Rappaport was precluded from testifying concerning defendant's description, while under the influence of this drug, of his early life he testified that defendant had not told him any "new memories" that he had not told "in his waking state," but that he had described events in greater detail. Defendant used a rosary to demonstrate to Officer Bettiker and the other persons in the room at the time of the confession the "rope trick" that he used to strangle his victims. We see no basis upon which to find that a formal written presentence investigation report would alter the judge's determination on the facts of this case. While such articles purportedly dealt with legal issues, they were loaded *40 with emotional terms and tended to bias the reader towards the view point of the writer. When questioned concerning Dr. Morrison's diagnosis of atypical psychosis, Dr. Fawcett found no factual basis, and that the term "psychological hallucination," in his opinion, did not meet the criteria for the type of hallucination that is used in the criteria for the diagnosis of a psychosis. When O'Rourke's body was found in the Des Plaines River in Grundy County, it was naked and bloated. That was part of the projective identification that I was explaining before." Moreover, defendant's attorneys would have been aware that the Des Plaines police had positively linked defendant to Robert Piest's disappearance and that further links between defendant's young former employees and their disappearances would be discovered. Defendant later offered another drink, which Donnelly refused, and defendant told him that he was a guest and that he should accept defendant's hospitality, and then held Donnelly's mouth open and poured the drink down his throat. Dr. Rogers testified that there were empirical studies which proved that the Draw-a-Person test does not work, and generally disparaged the interpretation of other test results which Dr. Traisman reached. Nowout of print, used copies can go forhundreds of dollars online. Gacy was sentenced to death by lethal injection and was killed on May 10, 1994. The next thing Rignall remembers is waking up, wearing only his blue jeans, next to a statue in a park near his home in Chicago. In other instances cited by defendant, no error was committed because counsel was given the opportunity *32 to suggest additional questions concerning the potential jurors' opinions as to defendant's guilt and failed to do so, or the juror was excused for cause. We conclude that these three alleged errors, in a transcript containing more than 5,500 pages, could not have deprived defendant of a fair trial. In addition, four bodies were recovered from the Des Plaines and Illinois rivers, downstream from the place where defendant had told the police that he threw the bodies. Defendant admitted that he was bisexual, that he was not a big drinker, and that he never "went crazy" when using drugs or alcohol, or both. How Did. We note that it was defense counsel who injected the issue of bias of the expert witnesses into this trial with the remarks in opening argument that the People's experts were "mechanics for the State" or had "inflexible biases." Dr. Ney identified four principles which could be used to gauge the effect these factors had on the reading audiences exposed to these materials. Since the police took the matter very, very lightly and I felt that, you know, it wasnt a light matter, I rented a car and sat where I thought I was approximately, waiting for his car to come by, Rignall said in a CBS2 Chicago broadcast, excerpted in the docuseries. To review this issue would permit defendant to inject error into his own case. On re-cross-examination, the following colloquy occurred: The objection was sustained and the court instructed the jury: The People argue that this was proper impeachment because the jury could have inferred that what "no one doubted" was that Dr. Freedman was correct in his opinion concerning whether Simon Peter Nelson was legally sane or not, and not whether he was with Nelson when he had a recurrence of his psychotic episode. Defendant next argues that it was improper for Dr. Garron, called by the People, to state an opinion concerning whether defendant suffered any nonorganic *78 brain disorders when he had been asked as a neuropsychologist to examine defendant for the purpose of determining whether there were any organic brain disorders. Prior to his arrest, defendant had stated to the police officers who were following him that "clowns can get away with murder." As John Wayne Gacys basement crawl space was running out of room for the bodies of his victims, a man named Jeffrey Rignall survived a horrific encounter with the serial killer. Defendant was sentenced to death on 12 counts of murder and to terms of natural life on each of the remaining murder counts. Fourth, certain articles compared defendant to other notorious mass murderers. In People v. Cravens (1941), 375 Ill. 495, the trial court was given information after a trial that one of the jurors, who had become foreman of the jury, knew the defendant previously and had already concluded that he was guilty. 312 (13th ed. She testified that her husband would go down to the basement and drink after work, and that he would talk to himself in two different tones of voice. The record does not support defendant's assertions. The record shows that when defense counsel protested the inadequacy of the questioning the court asked a number of additional questions. Acting on a request from the family of a victim, attorneys Robert Stephenson and Steven Becker began combing through the evidence, and found discrepancies in Gacy's travel and work records that cast doubt on his involvement in three of the murders. Because we have already determined that the prior searches were not illegal, this argument must fail. 2d 973, 978-92, 100 S. Ct. 2814, 2818-30 (plurality opinion).) Ried got up and saw that defendant had his arm cocked back as if he were going to strike again and had a "kind of strange" look in his eyes. He said, "You're just in time for the late show" and turned on a projector and showed a "gay" pornographic film on the wall of the room. When Ried turned around and saw him coming, defendant stopped and stated that he thought there might be trouble. Citing People v. Steptore (1972), 51 Ill. 2d 208, 216, and People v. Pfanschmidt (1914), 262 Ill. 411, defendant argues that a witness may not be impeached on a collateral matter and that "the test of collateralness is whether the fact for which the testimony is offered in contradiction of a witness' testimony could have been shown in evidence for any purpose independent of the alleged contradiction." He was allowed to testify, without objection, that defendant described to him the conditions under which Robert Piest was killed and that while describing *72 this murder in great detail he showed no "ordinary manifestations of human feeling," that defendant exhibited a "certain amount of pride" in being able to use his cunning to overcome the strength of the "young and stupid" "muscular youths," and that defendant was very disturbed by the fact that Dr. Freedman's books were piled up in his office in a disorderly fashion. Defendant contends next that the People improperly insinuated that defense counsel and defendant had concocted the insanity defense the night before defendant's arrest. The People's response to this bias argument, at least as far as Dr. Rappaport is concerned, appears to be that, as a private practitioner, Dr. Rappaport would rely heavily on defense attorneys and criminal defendants for business. Even if it could be shown that the jury was confused, we do not believe that that would constitute sufficient "good cause" to warrant a second jury. He testified that defendant told him that he had a degree in psychology, which he needed in order to more easily manipulate people. The record reveals, however, that defense counsel only requested that the court ask the prospective jurors what they knew of other jurors' opinions about the case. Dr. Traisman administered the Wechsler adult intelligence scale, the Bender-Gestalt visual motor test, the Rorschach ink blot test, the Draw-a-Person test, and the Thematic Apperception test on request by Dr. Richard Rappaport. You can explore additional available newsletters here. THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, Appellee, *61 Robert Donnelly testified that he was walking in Chicago when defendant approached him in his black car (which had spotlights on both sides) and asked for identification. Dr. Freedman diagnosed defendant as a pseudo-neurotic paranoid schizophrenic. The testimony shows that "borderline personality disorder" was given that designation for the first time in DSM III (Diagnostic Statistical Manual III), which was approved and adopted by the American Psychiatric Association while this case was being tried. Furthermore, Dr. Freedman testified concerning large intakes of valium, alcohol and marijuana which accompanied the episodes where the "most acute and dangerous paranoia" emerges. When asked why these "outcroppings" only occurred at night and when no one else was around, Dr. Freedman explained that these *57 hours were the hours in which boy prostitution flourished, defendant was engaged in other activities during the rest of the day, and that defendant "was, in fact, concerned with not being detected." His face was scarred and swollen and he was bleeding from his rectum. The circuit court did not err in permitting the People to open and close the arguments at the sentencing hearing. Dr. Cavanaugh stated that it was impossible to guarantee confinement in a mental institution because the legal standards for confinement to an insane asylum were constantly changing. In People v. Noble (1969), 42 Ill. 2d 425, 432-35, the court held that psychologists could testify as to the psychological tests they administered, such as the Bender visual motor test, the Rorschach test, and the Thematic Apperception test, and could testify as to the results of those tests. We cannot agree with defendant that the People's questions admit to only one inference. Defendant stated that only "Jack Hanley" knew why Piest's body was put into the river. In any event, Dr. Eliseo was permitted to explain in narrative form "exactly how [he] came to the decision or opinion that the condition of paranoid schizophrenia existed for the last 6, 8 years.". JUSTICE GOLDENHERSH delivered the opinion of the court: In indictments returned in the circuit court of Cook County, defendant, John Wayne Gacy, was charged with 33 counts of murder, one count of deviate sexual assault, one count of indecent liberties with a child, and one count of aggravated kidnaping.
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